- Original article
- Open access
- Published:
Auditory short-term memory in children with cochlear implant
The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology volume 32, pages 98–104 (2016)
En
Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study was to assess short-term auditory memory in children with cochlear implant and to assess the possible correlation of their language ages with their memory scores to consider memory training during rehabilitation program for cochlear-implanted patients.
Patients and methods
Sixty-one Egyptian children were included in this study. Thirty prelingual deaf children implanted with the nucleus multichannel cochlear implant were included. Their ages at the time of implantation ranged from 4 years to 4 years 11 months. All of the children had normal intellectual abilities. All cases were selected from Wadi El Neel Hospital where they received their aural-oral rehabilitation program for 1 year. A total of 31 normal children of matched sex and age were selected as a control group. A battery of auditory short-term memory assessments for Arabic-speaking children were applied to all children. An Arabic language test was also applied.
Results
A significant defect in short-term auditory memory in cochlear-implanted children as compared with controls was proven. A positive correlation between short-term auditory memory and their language ages was found.
Conclusion
The study revealed defective short-term auditory memory in cochlear-implanted children. This defect is more evident in cochlear-implanted children with poor language skills.
References
Niparko J, Tobey E, Thal D, Eisenberg L, Quittner A, Fink N. Spoken language development in children following cochlear implantation. JAMA 2010; 303: 1498–1506.
Boothroyd A. Auditory development of the hearing child. Scand Audiol 1997a; 26: 9–16.
Boothroyd A. Auditory capacity of hearing-impaired children using hearing aids and cochlear implants: issues of efficacy and assessment. Scand Audiol 1997b; 26: 17–25.
Chin SB, Kirk KI. Consonant feature production by children with multichannel cochlear implants, hearing aids, and tactile aids. In: Waltzman S, Cohen N, eds. Proceedings of the Vth International Cochlear Implant Conference. New York, NY: Thieme Medical Publishers; 2000: 57–61.
Chin SB, Pisoni DB. A phonological system at two years after cochlear implantation. Clin Linguist Phon 2000; 14: 53–73.
Baddeley AD, Emslie H, Kolodny J, Duncan J. Random generation and the executive control of working memory. Q J Exp Psychol 1998; 51A:819–852.
Gathercole S. Cognitive approaches to the development of short-term memory. Trends Cogn Sci 1999; 3: 410–419.
Kronenberger W, Pisoni DB, Henning S, Colson B, Hazzard L. working memory training for children with cochlear implants:A pilot study. Journal of Hearing, Language & Speech Research, 2011; 54: 1182–1198.
Burkolder R, Pisoni D, Svirsky M. Effects of a cochlear implant simulation on immediate memory in normal-hearing adults. Int J Audiol 2005; 44: 551–558.
Niparko JK, Blankenhorn R. Cochlear implant in young children. Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev 2003; 9: 267–275.
Ertmer DJ, Leonard JS, Pachuilo ML. Communication intervention for children with cochlear implants. Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch 2002; 33: 205–217.
Kotby MN, Khairy A, Barakah M, Rifaie N, Elshobary A. Language testing of Arabic speaking children; Proceedings of the XXIII World Congress of the International Association of Logopedics and Phoniatrics; Cairo 1995; 23
Fawzy A, El Dessouky HM, Shohdi SS, Othman DM, Assessment of working memory in normal Arabic speaking children [Thesis for MD degree in Phoniatrics]; 2012. Giza, Egypt: Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University.
Gathercole SE, Pickering SJ. Assessment of working memory in six and seven-year old children. J Educ Psychol 2000; 92: 377–390.
Humstone HJ. Memory span tests. Clin Psychol 1919; 12: 196–200.
Blankenship AB. Memory span: a review of the literature. Psychol Bull 1938; 35: 1–25.
Pickering, S, Gathercole S. Working memory test battery for children (WMTB-C) Manual. London, UK: The Psychological Corporation; 2001.
Baddeley AD, Thomson N, Buchanan M. Word length and the structure of short-term memory. J Verb Learn Verb Beh 1975; 14: 575–589.
Gathercole SE, Baddeley AD. The children’s’ test of nonword repetition, London, UK: Psychological Corp.; 1996.
Baddeley AD. Working memory: an overview. In: Pickering S. Working memory and education. New York, NY: Academic Press; 2006: 1–31.
Baddeley A, Gathercole SE, Papagno C. The phonological loop as a language learning device. Psychol Rev 1998; 105: 158–173.
Gathercole SE, Adams AM. Phonological working memory in very young children. Dev Psychol 1993; 29: 770–778.
Simkin Z, Conti-Ramsden G. Non-word repetition and grammatical morphology: normative data for children in their final year of primary school. Int J Lang Commun Disord 2001; 36: 395–404.
Alloway TP, Gathercole SE, Pickering SJ. Verbal and visuo-spatial short term and working memory in children: are they separable? Child Dev 2006; 77: 1698–1716.
Dempster FN. Short-term memory development in childhood and adolescence. In: Brainerd CJ, Pressley M eds. Basic processes in memory development. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag; 1985. 209–248.
Alloway TP, Gathercole SE, Adams AM, Willis CS, Eaglen R, Lamont E. Working memory and phonological awareness as predictors of progress towards early learning goals at school entry. Br J Dev Psychol 2005; 23: 417–426.
Hutton UMZ, Towse JN. Short-term memory and working memory as indices of children’s cognitive skills. Memory 2001; 9: 383–394.
Spiedel GE, Nelson KE. A fresh look at imitation in language learning. In: Spiedel GE, Nelson KE, eds. The many factors at imitation in language learning. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag; 1989. 1–21.
Carter AK, Dillon CM, Pisoni DB. Imitation of nonwords by hearing impaired children with cochlear implants: suprasegmental analyses Clin Linguist Phon 2002; 16: 619–638.
Wass M, Ibertsson T, Lyxell B, Sahlén B, Hällgren M, Larsby B, Mäki-Torkko E. Cognitive and linguistic skills in Swedish children with cochlear implant — measures of accuracy and latency as indicators of development. Scand J Psychol 2008; 49: 559–576.
Pisoni DB, Kronenberger W, Conway CM, Horn DL, Karpicke, J, Henning S. Efficacy and effectiveness of cochlear implants in deaf children. In: Marschark, M, Hauser, P, eds. Deaf cognition: foundations and outcomes. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 2008.
Wilson BS, Dorman MF. Interfacing sensors with the nervous system: lessons from the development and success of the cochlear implant. IEEE Sens J 2008; 8: 131–147.
Harness A, Jacot L, Scherf S, White A, Wrnick JE. Sex differences in working memory. Psychol Rep 2008; 103: 214–218.
Hyde JS, Linn MC Gender differences in verbal ability: a meta-analysis. Psychol Bull 1988; 104: 53–69.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
Financial support and sponsorship
Nil.
Conflicts of interest
There are no conflicts of interest.
Rights and permissions
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
About this article
Cite this article
Mohamed, S., Asmaa, AH., Aisha, F. et al. Auditory short-term memory in children with cochlear implant. Egypt J Otolaryngol 32, 98–104 (2016). https://doi.org/10.4103/1012-5574.181084
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/1012-5574.181084