Table 1 Table showing the review of cases previously reported in literature and their findings and outcomes
S.No. | Author | Age/Sex | Prior radiation | Clinical presentation | Extent | Surgery | Approach | Histopathology/ Type | Immunohistochemistry | Chemotherapy | Radiotherapy | Recurrence | Follow up (months) | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Yamada et al (2012) [12] | 75/F | Yes | Frontal headache | Sphenoid sinus | Yes, 3 times | Trans nasal endoscopic, Subtotal | NR | Vimentin +, High Ki 67, Anti cytokeratin - | Ifosfamide, Cisplatin, Etoposide | Yes | No | 24 | Alive |
2 | Gadwal et al (2001) [10] | 9/M | No | Headache, lethargy | Sphenoid sinus, sella turcica erosion | Yes | NR | Grade 1 | NR | No | Yes (4500 Gy) | Yes | 8 | Dead with locally extensive disease |
3 | Malalis et al (2013) [6] | 18/F | No | Headache, vision loss | Sphenoid sinus, left cavernous sinus, compression of left optic nerve | Yes | Trans nasal endoscopic | Grade 2 | NR | Cisplatin, Doxorubicin, Etoposide, Ifosfamide | No | NR | NR | NR |
4 | Huber et al (2008) [14] | 52/M | Yes | NR | Sphenoid sinus | Yes | NR | High, fibroblastic | NR | Adriamycin, Cisplatin | No | Persistence | 7 | Dead |
5 | Geetha et al (1999) [13] | 38/M | No | Diplopia, Obesity, decreased visual acuity | Sphenoid sinus, sellar, suprasellar extension | Yes | Subtotal resection | NR | NR | Adriamycin, Cisplatin, Holoxan | Yes 55 Gy | No | 12 | Alive |
6 | Chennupati et al (2008) [11] | 14/F | No | Dysphagia, Hoarseness, diplopia, right cranial nerve 6, 10, 11, 12 palsy | Sphenoid sinus, clivus, hypoglossal canal, jugular foramen | No | N/A | High | Vimentin +, Cytokeratin -, Desmin -, smooth muscle actin -, neurofilament protein - | Cisplatin, Doxorubicin, Methotrexate, Etoposide, Ifosfamide | 7000 cGy | NR | NR | NR |
7 | Ellison et al (1996) [16] | 11/F | No | Left eye pain, left eye proptosis, vision loss, cranial nerve 6 palsy | Sphenoid sinus, pterygopalatine fossa, cavernous sinus, sella turcica, sphenoid bone, middle cranial fossa | Yes | Subtotal resection | Chondroblastic | S 100 +, Vimentin +, Actin -, Myoglobin -, cytokeratin - | Methotrexate, Leucovorin, Cisplatin, Adriamycin | Yes | NR | NR | NR |
8 | Guo et al (2017) [15] | 55/F | No | Diplopia | Sphenoid sinus, clivus | Yes | Subtotal resection | NR | NR | Yes | Yes | No | 5 | Alive |
9 | Kachhara et al (1999) [9] | 38/M | No | Diplopia, Cranial nerve 6 palsy | Sphenoid sinus, Sella, suprasellar, clivus | Yes | Frontobasal, Gross total | NR | NR | Cisplatin, Adriamycin, Ifosfamide | 55 Gy | No | 18 | Alive |
10 | Mathkour et al (2016) [3] | 29/M | No | Frontal headache | Sphenoid sinus, clivus | Yes | Trans nasal endoscopic, Gross total | High | NR | Yes | Yes | No | 24 | Alive |
11 | Patel et al (2011) [7] | 44/F | Yes | NR | Sphenoid and ethmoid sinus, parasellar region, middle fossa | No | N/A | NR | NR | Yes | No | No | 16 | Alive |
12 | Yamada et al (2013) [8] | 78/F | No | Frontal headache | Sphenoid, Ethmoid sinus, cavernous sinus | Yes | Trans nasal endoscopic, Subtotal resection | NR | NR | No | Marginal dose- 39 Gy Site dose- 55 Gy | No | 5 | Alive |
13 | Mitra et al (2019) [4] | 17/ F | No | Headache, hemifacial pain, epistaxis, anosmia | Sphenoid, ethmoid sinus | Yes | Trans nasal endoscopic | High | Vimentin +, SATB2 +, Osteopontin +, CD 99 + | Cisplatin, Doxorubicin | No | NR | NR | NR |
14 | Present case | 19/M | No | Headache, nose block, blurred vision | Sphenoid sinus and ethmoid sinus | Yes | Trans nasal endoscopic, subtotal resection | Osteoblastic | SATB 2 +, Beta Catenin + | Cisplatin, Adriamycin, Ifosfamide | No | NR | 3 | NR |