From: Language profile in different kinds of apraxia in post-stroke patients
a. | |||||||
Results of cases with limb apraxia | Mode | Results of cases without limb apraxia | Mode | ||||
Median | Range | Median | Range | P value | |||
Bisection of line | 0 | (0–1) | 0 | 0 | (0–0) | 0 | 0.267 |
Semantic memory | 10 | (0–10) | 10 | 10 | (0–10) | 10 | 0.026* |
Word fluency | 0 | (0–25) | 0 | 8 | (0–18) | 8 | 0.044* |
Recognition memory | 9 | (0–10) | 9 | 10 | (0–10) | 10 | 0.009** |
Gesture object use | 12 | (2–12) | 12 | 12 | (10–12) | 12 | 0.444 |
Arithmetic skill | 0 | (0–6) | 0 | 3 | (0–6) | 3 | 0.006** |
Comprehension of spoken words | 22 | (0–30) | 22 | 30 | (18–30) | 22 | <0.001** |
Comprehension of spoken sentences | 18 | (0–32) | 18 | 32 | (16–32) | 32 | <0.001** |
Comprehension of spoken paragraphs | 2 | (0–4) | 2 | 4 | (0–4) | 4 | 0.028* |
Comprehension of written words | 27 | (0–30) | 27 | 30 | (0–30) | 30 | 0.208 |
Comprehension of written sentences | 27 | (0–32) | 27 | 32 | (0–32) | 32 | 0.672 |
Word repetition | 32 | (0–32) | 32 | 32 | (0–32) | 32 | 0.9 |
Repetition of complex words | 6 | (0–6) | 6 | 6 | (0–6) | 6 | 0.37 |
Non-word repetition | 6 | (0–10) | 6 | 7 | (0–10) | 7 | 0.229 |
Digit repetition | 4 | (0–14) | 4 | 7 | (0–10) | 7 | 0.176 |
Repetition of sentences | 6 | (0–12) | 6 | 8 | (0–12) | 8 | 0.251 |
Naming ( objects) | 0 | (0–48) | 0 | 32 | (0–48) | 32 | 0.003** |
Naming (actions) | 0 | (0–10) | 0 | 10 | (0–10) | 10 | 0.002** |
Spoken description of pictures | 0 | (0–26) | 0 | 22 | (0–28) | 22 | 0.001** |
Reading at level of words | 0 | (0–48) | 0 | 48 | (0–48) | 48 | 0.084 |
Reading at level of complex words | 0 | (0–6) | 0 | 6 | (0–6) | 6 | 0.163 |
Reading at level of function words | 0 | (0–6) | 0 | 6 | (0–6) | 6 | 0.241 |
Reading at level of non-words | 0 | (0–6) | 0 | 6 | (0–10) | 6 | 0.099 |
Writing by copying | 13 | (0–27) | 13 | 27 | (0–27) | 27 | 0.046* |
Writing of picture names | 3 | (0–21) | 3 | 21 | (0–21) | 21 | 0.009** |
Dictation | 4 | (0–28) | 4 | 28 | (0–28) | 28 | 0.018* |
Picture description by writing | 1 | (0–21) | 1 | 20 | (0–28) | 20 | 0.002* |
b. | |||||||
Results of cases with limb apraxia | Results of cases without limb apraxia | Independent t test | |||||
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | T | P value | ||
Bisection of line | 0.04 | 0.2 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.112 | 0.271 | |
Semantic memory | 7.00 | 3.89 | 9.09 | 2.41 | −2.511 | 0.015* | |
Word fluency | 4.38 | 6.48 | 6.81 | 5.35 | −1.564 | 0.124 | |
Recognition memory | 6.19 | 4.3 | 8.69 | 3.24 | −2.518 | 0.015* | |
Gesture object use | 11.62 | 1.96 | 11.8 | 0.59 | −0.540 | 0.591 | |
Arithmetic skill | 1.85 | 2.46 | 3.45 | 2.47 | −2.446 | 0.018* | |
Comprehension of spoken words | 22.31 | 7.85 | 28.81 | 2.96 | −4.331 | 0.001** | |
Comprehension of spoken sentences | 21.23 | 10.01 | 29.5 | 4.95 | −4.102 | 0.001** | |
Comprehension of spoken paragraphs | 1.85 | 1.69 | 2.81 | 1.51 | −2.296 | 0.025 | |
Comprehension of written words | 22.13 | 10.44 | 23.93 | 11.67 | −0.512 | 0.612 | |
Comprehension of written sentences | 22.25 | 11.71 | 24.29 | 12.39 | −0.535 | 0.596 | |
Word repetition | 29.23 | 7.15 | 26.94 | 11.78 | 0.870 | 0.388 | |
Repetition of complex words | 4.54 | 2.23 | 4.94 | 2.2 | −0.680 | 0.499 | |
Non-word repetition | 5.77 | 3.4 | 6.78 | 3.65 | −1.081 | 0.284 | |
Digit repetition | 5.38 | 3.99 | 6.19 | 3.35 | −0.834 | 0.408 | |
Repetition of sentences | 6.38 | 4.0 | 7.44 | 4.26 | −0.96 | 0.34 | |
Naming (objects) | 12.00 | 20.37 | 27.19 | 21.68 | −2.726 | 0.009* | |
Naming (actions) | 3.08 | 4.71 | 7.19 | 4.40 | −3.431 | 0.001** | |
Spoken description of pictures | 5.42 | 7.81 | 15.78 | 11.48 | −3.920 | 0.001** | |
Reading at level of words | 17.50 | 22.24 | 28.79 | 22.25 | −1.630 | 0.11 | |
Reading at level of complex words | 2.63 | 3.07 | 3.93 | 2.7 | −1.479 | 0.146 | |
Reading at level of function words | 2.63 | 3.07 | 3.79 | 2.85 | −1.281 | 0.207 | |
Reading at level of non-words | 2.63 | 3.07 | 4.62 | 3.82 | −1.791 | 0.08 | |
Writing by copying | 13.4 | 13.04 | 20.72 | 10.64 | −2.028 | 0.049* | |
Writing names of pictures | 9.56 | 10.46 | 17.48 | 7.86 | −2.872 | 0.006** | |
Dictation | 12.75 | 13.95 | 23.32 | 9.7 | −2.953 | 0.005** | |
Picture description by writing | 4.88 | 7.86 | 14.66 | 9.57 | −3.487 | 0.001** |