Table 4 Within group comparison of acoustic parameters across the different samples
From: Acoustic characteristics of voice and speech in Arabic-speaking stuttering children
Items | Prolonged /a/ vowel | Automatic speech | Spontaneous speech | Test of significance | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Normal group | Fundamental Frequency (F0) | 269.3 ± 36.8 (210–358.7) | 260.3 ± 33.9 (195.3–373.3) | 276.1 ± 33.3 (205.7–365.2) | F= 2.1 P= 0.13 |
Jitter | 0.43 (0.2–0.82) | 1.6 (0.98–2.2) | 1.6 (1.0–3.0) | KW= 79.9 P ≤ 0.001* | |
Shimmer | 4.5 (2.6–8.1) | 7.5 (4.8–12.4) | 8.2 (4.6–14.9) | KW= 66.9 P ≤ 0.001* | |
Harmonic to Noise ratio(H/N ratio) | 18.9 ± 2.4 (15.2–25.7) | 13.1 ± 1.8 (9.9–17.4) | 13.6 ± 2.2 (10.1–18.0) | F=92.0 P ≤ 0.001* | |
Stuttering group | Fundamental Frequency (F0) | 272.1 ± 37.6 (207.8– 362.8) | 256.2 ± 37.3 (176.4–336.1) | 276.4 ± 45.4 (158.0–336.1) | F= 2.8 P= 0.06 |
Jitter | 0.51 (0.23–2.4) | 1.6 (0.8–2.6) | 1.7 (0.74–2.9) | KW= 52.5 P ≤ 0.001* | |
Shimmer | 5.3 (1.3–12.1) | 8.6 (4.7–12.9) | 8.2 (1.6–14.8) | KW= 23.6 P ≤ 0.001* | |
Harmonic to Noise ratio | 17.6 ± 4.0 (8.9–25.0) | 13.1 ± 3.0 (8.4–19.9) | 13.8 ± 3.0 (8.5–19.7) | F=19.9 P ≤ 0.001* | |