Effects of a prosody rehabilitation program on expression of affect in preschool children with hearing impairment: a randomized trial

Sobhy, Ossama A.; Abdou, Rania M.; Ibrahim, Sara M.; Hamouda, Nesrine H.

doi:10.1186/s43163-021-00119-4

The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology

Table 6 Comparison between the two studied groups according to objective prosodic assessment

From: Effects of a prosody rehabilitation program on expression of affect in preschool children with hearing impairment: a randomized trial

Objective prosodic assessment			Group A (n = 11)	Group B (n = 10)	Test of sig.	p
Anger pattern	Duration (s)	Pre-therapy
		Mean ± SD	0.69 ± 0.28	1.12 ± 0.50	t = 2.429^*	0.029^*
		Post-therapy
		Mean ± SD	0.98 ± 0.26	1.09 ± 0.61	t = 0.506	0.622
		p₁	0.025^*	0.859
	Mean F0 (Hz)	Pre-therapy
		Mean ± SD	207.1 ± 28.10	211.2 ± 27.64	t = 0.338	0.739
		Post-therapy
		Mean ± SD	223.5 ± 25.81	205.3 ± 39.82	t = 1.253	0.225
		p₁	0.005^*	0.667
	Mean energy (dB)	Pre-therapy
		Mean ±SD	52.92 ± 6.36	53.58 ± 6.98	t = 0.227	0.823
		Post-therapy
		Mean ± SD	60.07 ± 4.55	52.64 ± 5.27	t = 3.464^*	0.003^*
		p₁	0.004^*	0.657
Verbal disapproval	Duration (s)	Pre-therapy
		Mean ± SD	0.65 ± 0.27	0.70 ± 0.38	U = 52.0	0.833
		Post-therapy
		Mean ± SD	1.02 ± 0.53	0.86 ± 0.52	U = 43.0	0.398
		p₁	0.026^*	0.799
	Mean F0 (Hz)	Pre-therapy
		Mean ± SD	215.5 ± 32.0	218.5 ± 27.16	t = 0.233	0.818
		Post-therapy
		Mean ± SD	226.1 ± 27.63	212.8 ± 27.68	t = 1.098	0.286
		p₁	0.343	0.451
	Mean energy (dB)	Pre-therapy
		Mean ± SD	55.40 ± 6.62	54.25 ± 7.40	t = 0.378	0.710
		Post-therapy
		Mean ± SD	58.51 ± 5.47	51.21 ± 8.32	t = 2.398^*	0.027^*
		p₁	0.193	0.053
Verbal exclamation	Duration (s)	Pre-therapy			t = 0.659	0.520
		Mean ± SD	1.16 ± 0.48	1.35 ± 0.79
		Post-therapy
		Mean ± SD	1.92 ± 0.47	1.30 ± 0.45	t = 3.056^*	0.007^*
		p₁	0.008^*	0.798
	Mean F0 (Hz)	Pre-therapy
		Mean ± SD	188.1 ± 15.77	202.6 ± 26.79	t = 1.531	0.142
		Post-therapy
		Mean ± SD	206.5 ± 17.77	205.3 ± 25.68	t = 0.119	0.906
		p₁	0.002^*	0.694
	Mean energy (dB)	Pre-therapy
		Mean ± SD	53.85 ± 8.81	52.21 ± 9.15	t = 0.418	0.680
		Post-therapy
		Mean ± SD	54.97 ± 6.41	50.23 ± 7.92	t = 1.516	0.146
		p₁	0.683	0.557
Wishful thinking	Duration (s)	Pre-therapy
		Mean ± SD	1.11 ± 0.52	2.03 ± 0.97	U = 20.0^*	0.014^*
		Post-therapy
		Mean ± SD	1.97 ± 0.77	1.27 ± 0.42	U = 14.0^*	0.004^*
		Mean difference	↑0.86 ± 1.0	↓0.77 ± 1.03	U = 10.0^*	0.002^*
		p₁	0.014^*	0.047^*
	Mean F0 (Hz)	Pre-therapy
		Mean ± SD	203.8 ± 25.61	216.7 ± 25.57	t = 1.158	0.261
		Post-therapy
		Mean ± SD	224.6 ± 28.60	213.9 ± 35.60	t = 0.767	0.452
		p₁	0.054	0.783
	Mean energy (dB)	Pre-therapy
		Mean ± SD	53.06 ± 5.52	50.58 ± 8.67	t = 0.791	0.439
		Post-therapy
		Mean ± SD	53.93 ± 5.19	49.78 ± 6.81	t = 1.581	0.130
		p₁	0.691	0.677
Warning speech	Duration (s)	Pre-therapy
		Mean ± SD	1.40 ± 0.67	1.19 ± 0.66	t = 0.722	0.479
		Post-therapy
		Mean ± SD	1.91 ± 0.50	1.08 ± 0.71	t = 3.132^*	0.005^*
		p₁	0.064	0.534
	Mean F0 (Hz)	Pre-therapy
		Mean ± SD	195.1 ± 17.98	215.2 ± 26.02	t = 2.043	0.058
		Post-therapy
		Mean ± SD	208.8 ± 21.88	213.5 ± 33.94	t = 0.373	0.714
		p₁	0.010^*	0.875
	Mean energy (dB)	Pre-therapy
		Mean ± SD	52.79 ± 6.77	53.43 ± 6.58	t = 0.221	0.828
		Post-therapy
		Mean ± SD	54.09 ± 5.21	48.74 ± 3.52	t = 2.726^*	0.013^*
		p₁	0.549	0.028^*

t Student’s t test, p p value for comparing between the studied groups, p₁ p value for paired t test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test for comparing between pre and post, Group A cases, Group B control
*Statistically significant at p ≤ 0.05

Back to article page