Table 3 Auditory perceptual assessment in case and control groups
Auditory perceptual assessment | Cases (N = 54) | Control (N = 56) | χ2 (df)*, p value |
|---|---|---|---|
Dysphonia N (%) | |||
Number | 20 (37.03%) | 4 (7.14) | 15.50 (2), < 0.001* |
Grade 1 | 13 (24.1%) | 4 (7.1%) | |
Grade 2 | 7 (13%) | 0 (0%) | |
Character N (%) | |||
Free | 34 (63%) | 52 (92.9%) | 18.10 (3), < 0.001* |
Strained | 12(22.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
Leaky | 5 (9.3%) | 6 (10.6%) | |
Strained and leaky | 3 (5.6%) | 0 (0%) | |
Pitch N (%) | 33.91 (2), < 0.001* | ||
Normal | 26 (48.1%) | 54 (96.4%) | |
Increased | 27 (50%) | 1 (1.8%) | |
Decreased | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (1.8%) | |
Register N (%) | 0.001 (1), 0.9 | ||
Modal | 53 (98.1%) | 55 (98.2%) | |
Vocal fry | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (1.8%) | |
Loudness N (%) | 14.94 (1), < 0.001* | ||
Soft | 39 (72.2%) | 55 (98.2%) | |
Decreased loudness | 15 (27.8%) | 1 (1.8%) | |
Glottal attack | |||
Hard | 0 (0%) | 0(0%) | |
Not hard | 54 (100%) | 56 (100%) | |
Associated laryngeal functions N (%) | 22.11 (1), < 0.001* | ||
Affected | 20 (37%) | 1 (1.8%) | |
Not affected | 34 (63%) | 55 (98.2%) |