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Table 4: Comparison between repaired and unrepaired velopharyngeal insufficiency regarding post-intervention degree of auditory perceptual assessment of speech

From: Efficacy of an Arabic articulatory errors remediation software program in patients with velopharyngeal valve dysfunction: a quasi-experimental study

 

Repaired VPI

(n = 18)

Unrepaired VPI

(n = 7)

Test of significance

(p)

Degree of nasality

 Median (min–max)

1 (0–2)

1(0–2)

(U = 61.5, p = .93)

Glottal

 

 Median (min–max)

0 (0–2)

0 (0–0)

(U = 56, p = .7)

Pharyngeal fricative

 Median (min–max)

0 (0–2)

0 (0–1)

(U = 57.5, p = .745)

Consonant imprecision

 Median (min–max)

0 (0–1)

1(0–2)

(U = 42, p = .22)

Overall intelligibility

 Median (min–max)

0 (0–2)

0 (0–2)

(U = 50, p = .46)

  1. U Mann-Whitney test